The Emergency Rescue Excavator Simulator is developed using semi‑physical simulation technology combined with virtual simulation. It features a 1:1 scale model based on a real excavator, enabling comprehensive training and assessment across theory, driving, and single‑equipment operations. Training subjects include site driving, road driving, transport driving, trench crossing, excavation, backhoe operations, trench digging, flat‑bottom pit digging, truck loading, breaking, slope trimming, and grade scraping.